Search results for "Oncology and hematology"
showing 10 items of 15 documents
Injury-activated glial cells promote wound healing of the adult skin in mice
2018
Cutaneous wound healing is a complex process that aims to re-establish the original structure of the skin and its functions. Among other disorders, peripheral neuropathies are known to severely impair wound healing capabilities of the skin, revealing the importance of skin innervation for proper repair. Here, we report that peripheral glia are crucially involved in this process. Using a mouse model of wound healing, combined with in vivo fate mapping, we show that injury activates peripheral glia by promoting de-differentiation, cell-cycle re-entry and dissemination of the cells into the wound bed. Moreover, injury-activated glia upregulate the expression of many secreted factors previously…
Changing the education paradigm in oncology: ESO masterclass, 17 years of continuous success
2020
In this review, we summarize the history of the 41 Masterclasses in Clinical Oncology (MCO) organized by ESO or ESO-ESMO during the last 17 years. MCOs have been held in five different geographical regions including: a) Central Europe, b) Eastern Europe and Balkans, c) Baltic and Euroasia, d) Arab World and Southern European Countries and e) Latin America. More than 2.000 young oncologists have attended and more than 250 distinguished faculty members have actively participated. The program exposes students to sessions covering all major tumors ("big killers") and to spotlights updating information on various important cancers and related topics. Participants are able to present their own cl…
Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes for Patients With ALK-Positive Resected Stage I to III Adenocarcinoma: Results From the European Thoracic Oncology P…
2014
Purpose The prevalence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene fusion (ALK positivity) in early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) varies by population examined and detection method used. The Lungscape ALK project was designed to address the prevalence and prognostic impact of ALK positivity in resected lung adenocarcinoma in a primarily European population. Methods Analysis of ALK status was performed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in tissue sections of 1,281 patients with adenocarcinoma in the European Thoracic Oncology Platform Lungscape iBiobank. Positive patients were matched with negative patients in a 1:2 ratio, both for IHC and for …
Lungscape: Resected Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Outcome by Clinical and Pathological Parameters
2014
INTRODUCTION: The Lungscape project was designed to address the impact of clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics on outcome in resected non-small- cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A decentralized biobank with fully annotated tissue samples was established. Selection criteria for participating centers included sufficient number of cases, tissue microarray building capability, and documented ethical approval. Patient selection was based on availability of comprehensive clinical data, radical resection between 2003 and 2009 with adequate follow-up, and adequate quantity and quality of formalin-fixed tissue.RESULTS: Fifteen centers contributed 2449 cases. The 5-yea…
Dendritic Cells Ameliorate Autoimmunity in the CNS by Controlling the Homeostasis of PD-1 Receptor+ Regulatory T Cells
2012
SummaryMature dendritic cells (DCs) are established as unrivaled antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the initiation of immune responses, whereas steady-state DCs induce peripheral T cell tolerance. Using various genetic approaches, we depleted CD11c+ DCs in mice and induced autoimmune CNS inflammation. Unexpectedly, mice lacking DCs developed aggravated disease compared to control mice. Furthermore, when we engineered DCs to present a CNS-associated autoantigen in an induced manner, we found robust tolerance that prevented disease, which coincided with an upregulation of the PD-1 receptor on antigen-specific T cells. Additionally, we showed that PD-1 was necessary for DC-mediated induction o…
BRAF-V600E expression in precursor versus differentiated dendritic cells defines clinically distinct LCH risk groups.
2014
BRAF-V600E expression is identified in hematopoietic progenitor and precursor myeloid dendritic cells in patients with high-risk LCH, and enforced expression of BRAF-V600E in CD11c+ cells recapitulates a high-risk LCH-like phenotype in mice.
Promocijas darbs
2009
Anotācija Pirmsoperācijas jeb neoadjuvantā ķīmijterapija ir ļoti cerīga vēža medikamentozās terapijas attīstības stratēģija nākotnē. Tā rada iespēju veikt krūti saglabājošu operāciju slimniecēm ar lieliem primāriem audzējiem. Slimniecēm, kurām sasniegta audzēja pilna morfoloģiska remisija pēc neoadjuvantās ķīmijterapijas operācijas materiālā, ir konstatēta garāka dzīvildze. Šī darba mērķis bija novērtēt pirmsoperācijas ķīmijterapijas, molekulāro marķieru – šūnu proliferācijas indeksa Ki-67, cilvēka epidermālā augšanas faktora receptora cerbB-2 un steroīdo hormonu receptoru lomu ārstēšanas izvēlē un bezrecidīva dzīvildzi, piecu un desmit gadu dzīvildzi slimniecēm ar lokāli izplatītu krūts vē…
Saudzējoša pēcoperācijas staru terapija agrīno stadiju krūts vēža slimnieču ārstēšanā
2009
Anotācija Agrīno stadiju krūts vēža pacientēm pēc krūti saudzējošās ārstēšanas ir prognozējama liela dzīvildze, kuras laikā var manifistēties staru terapijas komplikācijas. Darba mērķis bija noteikt saudzējošās ar elpošanu sinhronizētās pēcoperācijas staru terapijas ietekmi uz vēlīno plaušu un sirds jonizējošā starojuma izraisīto komplikāciju attīstību. Standarta un saudzējošās staru terapijas metodes tika salīdzinātas pēc terapeitiskās efektivitātes, jonizējošā starojuma dozas sadalījuma riska orgānos, komplikāciju attīstības riskiem un jonizējošā starojuma dozas piegādes precizitātes. Darba rezultātā tika pierādīts, ka saudzējošā pēcoperācijas staru terapija samazina sirds un plaušu kompl…
Ķīmijpreparāta cisplatīna devas noteikšana un toksicitātes prognozēšana atkarībā no pacienta taukaudu masas
2018
Darba “Ķīmijpreparāta cisplatīna devas noteikšana un toksicitātes prognozēšana atkarībā no pacienta taukaudu masas” pamatā ir veikts klīnisks pētījums. Darbā tika izvirzīta hipotēze, ka cisplatīna toksicitāte prognostiski ir saistīta ar pacientu individuālo ķermeņa taukaudu masas daudzumu un triglicerīdu līmeni asins serumā. Pētījumā piedalījās 210 personas, tajā skaitā 172 onkoloģiskie pacienti un kontroles grupa ar 38 veseliem cilvēkiem, lai validētu pētījuma metodes, kuras nevar piemērot vēža slimniekiem. Metodes. Pētījumā tika izmantotas vairākas mērījumu metodes un noteikti ķermeņa parametri. Lai analizētu cilvēka ķermeņa satvaru, īpaši akcentējot taukaudu masu, tika veikti dažādi mērī…